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Glossary of terms

Term used in this book	Term used in native Arabic grammar	Term used by Western grammars
absolute doee	المَفْعُول المُطْلَق	absolute accusative
0-state	المَجْزُومُ / حَالَةُ الجَزْمِ	jussive mood
condition	الشَّرْط	protasis
consequence	جَوَابُ الشَّرْط	apodosis
adjectival noun	الصِّفَةُ	epithet
adverb of time	ظَرْفُ الزَّمَانِ / المَفْعُولُ فِيهِ	??
adverb of place	ظَرْفُ المَكَانِ / المَفْعُولُ فِيهِ	??
annexation	الإِضَافَة	??
annexe noun	المُضَافُ	construct noun
base noun	المُضَافُ إِلَيْهِ	??
[verb of] command	الأَمْرُ	imperative
info	الخَبَر	predicate / comment
connected noun	الاسْمُ المَوْصُولُ	relative pronoun
connecting sentence	الصِّلَة	??
deputy –	نَائِبُ – / نَائِبٌ عَنْ –	??
direct doee	المَفْعُول بِهِ	object
doer	الفَاعِلُ	subject
i-state	المَجْرُورُ / حَالَةُ الجَرِّ	genitive case
particle	الحَرْفُ	particle
pointing noun	اسْمُ الإِشَارَةِ	demonstrative pronoun
preposition	حَرْفُ الجَرِّ	preposition
prohibition	النَّهْيُ	??
pronoun	الضَّمِيرُ	pronoun
proper noun	العَلَمُ	??
a-state	المَنْصُوبُ / حَالَةُ النَّصْبِ	accusative case (nouns) / subjunctive mood (verbs)
questioning	الاسْتِفْهَامُ	interrogative
u-state	المَرْفُوعُ / حَالَةُ الرَّفْعِ	nominative case (nouns) / indicative mood (verbs)
refer-back pronoun	العَائِدُ / الرَّابِطُ	??
inflexible	المَيْنِيُّ	??
semi-flexible	المَمْنُوعُ مِنَ الصَّرْفِ	diptote
state	الإعْرَابُ	inflection / case (nouns) / mood (verbs)
subject (of إِنَّ, كَانَ, etc.)	اسْمُ –	??
subject (of sentence)	المُبْتَدَأُ بِهِ, المُبْتَدَأُ	subject / topic
tanwīn	التَّنْوِين	nunation